Clustering of tourism: the experience of the European Union and tasks for Ukraine

Ihor Lebediev
Doctor of Economic, Associate professor of the Department of Tourism, Hotel and Restaurant Business, Odessa National Economic University, Ukraine, e-mail: lebedyev.ihor@gmail.com, ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0405-639X

Cite this article:

Lebediev, I. (2020). Clustering of tourism: the experience of the European Union and tasks for Ukraine [Klasteryzatsiia turyzmu: opyt Yevropeiskoho Soiuzu i zavdannia dlia Ukrainy], Socio-economic research bulletin; Vìsnik socìal’no-ekonomìčnih doslìdžen’ (ISSN 2313-4569), Odessa National Economic University, Odessa, No. 2 (73), pp. 175–184.

Abstract

Theoretical foundations of the tourism clustering and the essence of «tourism cluster» concept are considered in the article. The processes of cluster policy formation of the European Union, its principles, main directions and mechanisms of implementation are highlighted on the basis of the socio-economic paradigm and an integrated methodological approach (first of all, systemic and situational, with using methods of generalization, logical and comparative analysis). Its features are revealed, due to the inherent model of the developed EU economies based on public-private partnership. The experience of implementing the cluster policy of the European Community in the field of tourism is generalized, which is of significant scientific and practical interest, taking into account the leading position of the EU in the global tourism business. The principles, forms and methods of joint activities of specialized EU institutions, state and local authorities, business and public organizations for the implementation of clustering with the aim of achieving sustainable development of competitive, affordable tourism are highlighted. The features of the clustering implementation in tourism sector in selected countries of the European Community, including the new EU members – Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovenia are considered, what is of particular interest to Ukraine. Scientific and practical recommendations for using the positive experience of the European Union countries for the development and implementation of a clustering policy in Ukraine with the aim of sustainable competitive affordable tourism developing based on the principles of social partnership are substantiated. Suggestions for further research on this topic are given.

Keywords

tourism cluster; tourism policy; European Union; methods of influence on tourism activities.

JEL classification: Z380; DOI: https://doi.org/10.33987/vsed.2(73).2020.175-184

UD classification: 338.48

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

1. European Observatory for Clusters and Industrial Change: website. Retrieved from: https://www.eucluster2019.eu/files/events/4538/files/eocic-cluster-programme-report-2905.pdf.
2. Cluster policy in the context of EU Strategy 2020. Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/ growth/content/europe-innova-european-innovation-platforms_en.
3. Commission staff working document: Annex to The Concept of Clusters and Cluster Policies and their Role for Competitiveness and Innovation: Main Statistical Results and Lessons Learned. Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=SEC% 3A2008%3A2637%3AFIN.
4. Korzh, N. V., Basiuk, D. І. (2017). Management of tourist destinations [Upravlіnnia turystychnymy destynatsіiamy], Edelveis і K, Vіnnytsia, 322 s. [in Ukrainian]
5. Yarovy, V. F. (2016). Improvement of institutions and prospects for clustering of tourism in the European integration process [Udoskonalennia instytutiv ta perspektyvy klasteryzatsii haluzi turyzmu v protsesi yevrointehratsii], Visnyk Berdianskoho universytetu menedzhmentu i biznesu, No. 4, s. 17–20 [in Ukrainian]
6. Boyko, M. G. (2010). Value-oriented management in tourism: monograph [Tsinnisno oriientovane upravlinnia v turyzmi: monohrafiia], KNTEU, Kyiv, 524 s. [in Ukrainian]
7. Kalenyuk, I. S., Kotenko, T. M. (2016). Approaches to the social effectiveness determining of recreation and tourism sphere [Pidkhody do vyznachennia sotsialnoi rezultatyvnosti sfery rekreatsii ta turyzmu], Visnyk Odeskoho Natsionalnoho Universytetu, Seriia: Ekonomika, Vyp. 1, T. 21, s. 113–118 [in Ukrainian]
8. European Clusters Alliance: website. Retrieved from: https://clustersalliance.eu.
9. Innovation clusters in Europe: A statistical analysis and overview of current policy support: website. Retrieved from: https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/e3faceb1-1796-44a9-908c-d9cec5ec338f/language-en/format-PDF/source-113035836.
10. Cluster policy further 2020. European Cluster Collaboration Platform: website. Retrieved from: https://www.clustercollaboration.eu/event-calendar/european-cluster-policy-further-2020.
11. Shepelev, I, G., Markova, Yu. A. (2012). Tourist and recreational clusters – a mechanism of innovative improvement of the system by strategic management of the region [Turistsko-rekreatsionnye klastery – mekhanizm innovatsionnogo sovershenstvovaniya sistemy strategicheskogo upravleniya razvitiem regionov], Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem: elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal, No. 3 (11). Retrieved from: http://tourlib.net/ statti_tourism/shepelev.htm [in Russian]
12. Pyatinkin,S. F., Bykova, T. P. (2008). Cluster development: essence, relevant approaches, foreign experience [Razvitie klasterov: sushchnost, aktualnye podkhody, zarubezhnyy opyt], Tesey, Minsk, 78 s. [in Russian]
13. Innovation clusters in the 10 new member states of the European Union. Europe innova paper No. 1. European Commission: website. Retrieved from: https://www.hhs.se/contentassets/f51b706e1d644e9fa6c4d232abd09e63/clusters_eu-10_publication.pdf.
14. Alexandrova, A. Yu. (2007). Tourist clusters: content, boundaries, mechanism of functioning [Turistskie klastery: soderzhanie, granitsy, mekhanizm funktsionirovaniya], Sovremennye problemy servisa i turizma, No. 1, s. 51–61 [in Russian]